Educational Pictures

Credits

Compiled by
Camenati

Background

Educational Pictures (also known as Educational Film Exchanges) was an early film company founded in 1916 by E.W. Hammons, that produced and distributed short subject materials in the 1920s. Some of the Felix the Cat silent cartoons were distributed by Educational Pictures. Around the start of the sound era, Educational Pictures began handling all of the short subjects for Fox Film, including the early Paul Terry "Terrytoons". This continued until at least 1938.

1st Logo (March 23, 1924-1939)

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Visuals: There is the text "Educational Film Exchanges presents", "Educational Pictures presents", or "E.W. Hammons presents" at the top of the screen followed by the name of the short. At the bottom of the screen, there is a drawing of a genie's lamp with smoke coming out of it, and written above it in cursive are the words "Educational Pictures" connected to the smoke. At the bottom of the lamp, the words "THE SPICE OF THE PROGRAM" are below the lamp. Then the logo appears full screen with a real photo of a lamp and above the lamp, "Educational Pictures" is written out, and the slogan "The Spice of the Program" is placed below.

Variants:

• Most of the time, the logo is still.
• During the sound era of movies, the film's production number is added underneath the logo, sometimes within a box.
  • The placement of the number, particularly if it is within a box, is above the company's slogan.
• The appearance of the lamp may vary.
  • Some films such as Blue Blackbirds have a 2D lamp with black as its primary shading color.
  • Some movies from 1937 have a curvy lamp with a lot of shine on its edges and most of it is colored black.
  • On ''Movie Town, the lamp is flat and stylized.
  • The Bees' Buzz features a detailed lamp with shading.
  • The Boudoir Butler has a gray lamp with outlined, white shading.
  • On Miss Lonely Hearts, the text is thin and the lamp, with no shading, has detailed outlining.
• Sometimes, the logo is superimposed into the final shot of the end credits, adding a transparent effect to itself.
  • On Half-Baked Relations, the lamp is hardly visible.
• On Hillbilly Love, the logo has a shadow facing the bottom right and the production number, against a black box, is placed in between the company name and the lamp.
• An ending variant exists where the lamp is dark and blends within a dark gray background. "The End" is placed above the lamp and the company's full name "Educational Film Exchanges, Inc." is on the bottom of the screen.

Technique: Traditional animation.

Audio: The theme to whatever short or cartoon is playing.

Availability: Can be usually seen after the opening credits of the film, which includes its occasional appearance on PBS's Matinee At the Bijou. One of its earliest appearances was on Reno or Bust.

• The animated variant was prevalent in the 1920's and appeared on Reno or Bust, Air Pockets, and The Iron Mule, among others.

Visuals: On the bottom section of the screen is the print logo from the on-screen variant. Next to it are the copyright year and "EDUCATIONAL FILMS CORPORATION OF AMERICA" in a stacked format.

Variants:

• During the opening credits (excluding the title card), only the print logo is present. It is also subtly altered with the company name closer to the lamp.
• On films produced by Mack Sennett Pictures, the logo appears underneath said company's. "DISTRIBUTED BY", with a shadow effect, is displayed on top of the Educational Pictures logo whereas "EDUCATIONAL FILM" and "EXCHANGES, INC." are shown next to it.
• Sometimes, the logo is within an outlined tube box.
  • A white box variant has the print logo entirely in black and the box has a white fill.
  • Likewise, the box may be black and the box's outline is beveled.
  • On Whose Baby Are You, the outline is thick and the print logo is stylized.

Technique: A still printed image.

Audio: The opening theme of the film.

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Visuals: Like the opening title, it is positioned on the bottom of the screen but with the film's production number and company's full name on top of the logo. However, the latter two's positions may change.

Variants:

• On Pink Lemonade, the company name in the logo title is further away from the lamp.
• On The Miss They Missed, a hand-drawn version of the logo is featured where the lamp is simplistic.
• On The Last Dogie, the lamp has a wider cap.
• On Miss Lonely Hearts, the lamp is stylized and black and the company name is shifted upwards.

Technique: A still, printed image.

Audio: The closing theme of the film.

Availability: Compared to the on-screen variants, it has appeared more often, particularly during the credits of various films they have produced.

• The white and black variant was spotted on films from 1935 such as Flicker Fever and Knockout Drops.
• The hand-drawn lamp was seen on later releases such as The Miss They Missed, Pardon My Accident, and Dates and Nuts.
• Its final appearance was on Col. Stoopnagle's Cavalcade of Stuff #2.

2nd Logo (July 5, 1935-August 14, 1936)

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Visuals: On a black background, an oil lamp is on top of a round stand with "THE SPICE OF THE PROGRAM" in 3D in front and surrounding it. Smoke comes out of the lamp, which then reveals the company name on top, wiping in from left to right.

Technique: Traditional animation.

Audio: The opening theme of the film.

Availability: It had a short lifespan and had appeared on a few films while several still used the previous one including its on-screen variant. The only known appearances of this logo were on The Magic Word, One Big Happy Family, and The Queen's Birthday.