Incom

Background
Incom (Industrie Corti Metraggi ) was an Italian Rome-based film production company that was founded by Sandro Pallavicini, who is also the president of the said company. The company also produces its newsreel, La Settimana Incom, which started after the Second World War and was funded by the state.

Logo (1939-May 25, 1949)
Visuals: Over a cloudy background, there is an image of Michelangelo's David statue in the middle. The image slowly slides to the left for a few seconds, and when it stops, the following sets of text: Crawley INCOM  ROMA

Crawley SANDRO PALLAVICINI fade in right next to it. The logo stays static for a few more seconds before fading out eventually.

Variants:
 * Some films have the name of the artistic director below Pallavicini's name.
 * There exist two alternate versions where the statue is seen as a model, the sky is darker and less cloudy, and the texts are now in a more consistent typeface.

Technique: Stop-motion animation and fading effects.

Audio: A majestic brass fanfare with some vibraphone notes thrown to it while maintaining a constant pitch. Audio Variants:
 * Some films contain the film's opening theme.
 * On Italia Austria, a more whimsical-upbeat brass fanfare was heard instead.

Availability: Was seen in numerous short films, documentary films, and some newsreels produced by Incom. Most of their filmography can be found on the Archivio Luce website.
 * Its first confirmed appearances were in Crinierie al vento, I figli del carbone, Guidonia, and Fantasia sottomarina, while it made its last appearance so far in Vita pubblica e privata di Palazzo Madama.
 * The first alternate version was known to appear in L'ebbrezza del cielo and Il dottor Churkill.
 * The second alternate version was known to appear in Fantasia sottomarina, Fantasmi in Cinecittà, and Nasce la seta.
 * The "Direzione Artistica" variant was known to appear in a fair handful of films such as Sotto i sacchi di sabbia, Musica nel tempo, Noi mondine, and Bianco e nero.

Logo (1951)
Visuals: The same David statue image is seen on a more cloudy background and is surrounded by a bold "Rockwell" on the left, an outline stretched "INCOM" on the right, and a bold "Rockwell" in front. Below the latter word, the following texts are displayed: R O M E Brush Script MT SANDRO PALLAVICINI Brush Script MT DOMENICO PAOLELLA right next to the statue. The entire logo remains still.

Technique: A still image with the texts being hand-drawn.

Audio: The same updated fanfare from the previous logo.

Availability: It was only seen in La verde Irpinia.

Logo (1953-Late 1950s)
Visuals: The David statue is now seen as a simplistic model and is seen right next to a spinning globe which appears to be behind a blue three-dimensional "Rockwell " and a rainbow "INCOM" similarly styled to the previous logo. Clouds can be seen below the model and globe and takes place on a less cloudy background.

Variants:
 * Earlier films contain a blue stacked "Brush Script MT SANDRO PALLAVICINI" in the bottom-right corner.
 * A widescreen version also exists.
 * On Italia in cammino, the environment appears more stormy, and a small stacked "SISTEMA CINEPANORAMIC " is shown in the bottom-left corner.

Technique: Live-action model work with some cel stills.

Audio: The same updated fanfare from the first logo.

Availability: It was seen in colorized films during the mid-1950s by the company.
 * It made its first known appearance in Conquieste Nel Sud, Domenica a Capri, and Oggi in Sicilia, and made its final appearance in Oggi in Sicilia as a widescreen variant.
 * The widescreen variants were seen in Attorno a noi, Cavalcata sarda, and the aforementioned Italia in cammino.

Logo (December 22, 1955)
Visuals: On a gray background, there is a black circle containing the upper part of the David statue. Right next to it is a white stacked "Una produzione " and the same outlined "INCOM" from the 2nd logo, this time having a stylized cursive "film" in front of it. All of the texts appear to have a shadow.

Technique: A still, hand-drawn image.

Audio: The film's opening theme.

Availability: It was only seen in Piccola posta.

Logo (1960s)
Visuals: The screen fades to a cloudy sky background with a stacked and slightly separated " UNA PRO DUZIONE INC OM " with the latter word being bigger than the former and in the same font as the previous logos. A rotating model of the Earth then fades in behind the text, which causes said text to flip sideways to give way for the Earth to quickly zoom in towards the camera. Once it gets close enough and fades away, the texts flip back to their original positions and simultaneously flip to the right side of the screen to give space for the upper half of the David statue facing right to pop on the left side of the screen. The logo ends with the set of text: popping in as the previous text suddenly disappears.

Variant: On La Snia Viscosa in Italia e nel mondo, " Oswald " appears right after the Sandro Pallavicini text disappears.

Technique: Stop-motion animation.

Audio: A bombastic orchestral soundtrack that starts with some timpanis.

Availability: The logo was known to appear in Torino '61, La Snia Viscosa in Italia e nel mondo, and Nello spazio dallo spazio.