Granada Television

Background
Granada Media plc is a former British conglomerate, best known for its Manchester-based subsidiary Granada Television, one of the biggest broadcasting studios among other ITV-based brands. It was incorporated in 1934. Following its merger with Carlton Communications on February 2, 2004, Granada became known as ITV plc, saving its former name for the North-West broadcast area. Granada was involved in the large amount of television series and movies.

1st Logo (1956)
Nicknames: "The Early Northern Arrow"

Logo: On a black background, the word "Times New Roman" appears at the top of the screen. An arrow moves upwards from the bottom of the screen until it disturbs the "Times New Roman", which bounces three times before settling again. The word "Presents", in a Sans Serif font, then appears under the point of the arrow.

Variant: A static variant was phased in after only a few weeks, reportedly because company boss Sidney Bernstein was unhappy with the way the animation in the original variant portrayed his company.

FX/SFX: The arrow going up in the animated version, but none for the static version.

Music/Sounds: None to accompany either variant; Granada were renowned for producing logos without any accompanying jingle until the late 1980s.

Availability: Both the animated and static variants are extinct. So far, this has only been known to have appeared on the program What the Papers Say.

Editor's Note: None.

2nd Logo (1956-1968)
Nicknames: "From the North" "Big Arrow" "Northward Arrow"

Logo: On a grey background, a black arrow moves upwards from the bottom of the screen. When it gets near the top it stops, and the words "from the North" appear in italics. Then, seven white squares spin round to face the viewer. Each square has a black letter on it forming the word "Times New Roman" (in the same font as before, but italics). After that the word 'PRESENTS' appears letter by letter.

Accompanying clock ident: An analog clock is used with a full set of numbers, spokes for each minute, and is foil-printed directly onto a cloudy background. Originally, the second hand was a sweeping-type and the numbers were displayed in a serif font, but were changed to a sans-serif font and a juttering-type second hand in the mid-60s.

Variants: A static variant was being used by the end of the 1950s.
 * A rare version exists where the logo is reanimated, the arrow is thicker than before, the “From the North” text is replaced with “From round the Globe”. And the “PRESENTS” text just appears instead of appearing letter by letter.
 * An inverted version exists.
 * A version exists where a “TRAVELLING EYE” text is added above the “PRESENTS” and “PRODUCTION” text, this was only used on Outside Broadcast programs made by Granada around this time. A superimposed version of this version also exists.
 * A version exists where the logo is seen on a curtain, than a Jester pops out of it and looks around. Another version exists where a Man has the logo tattooed on his back.
 * A version exists where the logo is on a grey background instead of a black one.
 * A rare Welsh variant exists, where the “From the North” and “Presents” text are in Welsh.

FX/SFX: The arrow going upwards, and the squares spinning in the animated version. None for the static version.

Music/Sounds: None, or the opening and closing of the show’s music.

Availability: Extremely rare.
 * It can be seen on episodes of Coronation Street from the 1960s, although some episodes are plastered by the “Granada Production” logo or the Granada Television International logo.
 * It was also seen on episodes of The Army Game, World in Action, and other programs made by Granada around this time.
 * The inverted versions can be seen on Mr. Rose, Spindoe, and on the Camera in Action episode, “Prospect of Whitby”.
 * The “From round the Globe” variant was seen on The World Tonight episode, “The Lunatic Olympics.”
 * And the jester and tattoo variants were seen on the program From the North which aired on Channel 4 in 1985.
 * It’s currently unknown what exact programs had these logos.
 * The “Travelling Eye” variant was, so far, seen on two programs. Blues and Gospel Train and the documentary, A Hill, Some Sheep and a Living.

Editor's Note: None.

3rd Logo (1959-1964)
Nicknames: "From the North II" "The Arrow that isn’t pointing North"

Logo: A map of Great Britain is shown on the left of the screen, with most of the remainder being just a grey background. A black arrow points to the company's base. Above the arrow are the "Times New Roman" squares from the previous logo, while "presents" is written in white below it.

Variant: At the end of programmes, a closing logo where the “Presents” text is replaced with a “Production” text is used.

FX/SFX: None.

Music/Sounds: None, or just the opening or closing of the show’s music.

Availability: Near extinction.
 * Like the 2nd logo, it was also seen on Coronation Street episodes from the 1960s, but some episodes are plastered.
 * It also appeared on episodes of The Army Game, the spin-off series Bootsie and Snudge, and on the On Trial episode, “Sir Roger Casement”.

Editor's Note: None.

4th Logo (1968-1969)
Logo: We simply see the word "Times New Roman", in Clarendon and with a drop-shadow, between two horizontal black lines on a grey background.

Variant: An animated variant is known to exist, which was used only before local programmes.

FX/SFX: None.

Music/Sounds: None, or just the opening or closing of the show’s music.

Availability: Near extinction.
 * It appeared on programmes like Nice Time, Big Breadwinner Hog, and Football.
 * It might’ve appeared on 1960s episodes of Coronation Street, but, just like the 2nd and 3rd logos, it has also been affected by plastering, so it may be hard to find.

Editor's Note: None.

5th Logo (1968-1990)
Nickname: "G-Arrow"

Logo: On a black background, the word "Times New Roman" is written in the same typeface and colour as before. Below the word we see Granada's symbol, which is a letter "G" with an arrow pointing upward from the end of its middle line. This is also in white.

Trivia: Although the symbol was used in 1968, it was not copyrighted until 1971.

Accompanying clock ident: Starting in the mid '70s, a analog clock with a thick ring of colour surrounding it is seen, along with a Granada logo below it (contained in a box), "Times New Roman" text, and a underline as well. The colour combination differs greatly from time to time, ranging from black BG/white and green ring to blue BG/white and yellow ring. Starting in 1985, the background is black with a yellow ring, though the lower section is blue and has the Granada logo in yellow and "Times New Roman" beside it, and even had a "transparent" variant. In 1987, the clock was changed one final time, turning it into a digital clock with no ring, a black/blue graident background, and the silver "Times New Roman" text below it, though it was also white during the final year of its usage.

Variants: There were several variants:
 * A version exists where the background is white and the word "GRANADA" and the symbol are black.
 * From 1969 onward, with the advent of colour television, the background was made blue and the "G/Arrow" symbol was made yellow.
 * There exists a colour version where "Times New Roman" is yellow and the "G/Arrow" symbol is white.
 * At the end of programs, "Colour Production" appears under the symbol and sometimes the copyright date is displayed underneath that.
 * Some season variants exist, with a different colour scheme depending on what season is currently was when in use.
 * At the end of international programs, a "GRANADA TELEVISION INTERNATIONAL" caption is shown.
 * For programmes that the company produced for Channel 4 the text appears in a different font reading "A GRANADA TELEVISION PRODUCTION FOR CHANNEL FOUR" and only the Granada Arrow is seen.
 * From 1986-1987, The ident was upgraded with a blue gradient background, and the word "Times New Roman" and the "G/Arrow" symbol were rendered in gold.
 * From 1987-1989, the word and the symbol became platinum instead of gold.
 * After 1989, the word and the symbol changed back to white and yellow, but upgraded with a purple gradient background.
 * During Christmas time, a version of the logo covered in holly and rendered in gold was used. "Christmas on" in a Roman font is displayed above the word "Times New Roman".

FX/SFX: None, although the Christmas variant has some shining/twinkling effects.

Music/Sounds: None, the continuity announcer, or the closing theme. Also uses startup and closedown music with "Drifting" (by Kevin Peek), "Easy Go" (by Nick Glennie-Smith) and "New Station March" (by Keith Mansfield).

Availability: Common. Saved on their many TV shows from the era.

Editor's Note: None.

6th Logo (1986)
NOTE: The logo appears at 0:27.

Nicknames: "Happy 30th Birthday, Granada!", "G-Arrow II"

Logo: On a black background, we see several close-up shots of a birthday cake that turns out to be in the shape of the Granada symbol. We then see the entire cake and the Granada logotype fading in below it, together with two white lines below the logotype, each drawing out a digit of the number "30" in a stylised italic font.

FX/SFX: The lines drawing out the "30".

Music/Sounds: A celebratory fanfare.

Availability: Extinct, like other anniversary logos of the past.

Editor's Note: None.

7th Logo (1986)
Nicknames: "Turning G", "G-Arrow III"

Logo: On a gradient blue background, we see a yellow trail forming the Granada symbol. The Granada logotype fades in above.

Variants:
 * Sometimes, the background will be pixelated.
 * An extended version has the 2nd logo appear on a black background before zooming into the camera and transitioning into the trail animation.

FX/SFX: The trail forming the symbol.

Music/Sounds: A cheerful synth fanfare not dissimilar to the one in the 6th logo.

Availability: Extinct. This logo was also used only for Granada's 30th anniversary.

Editor's Note: None.

8th Logo (1989-1990)
Nickname: "G-Arrow IV"

Logo: We see some sped up footage of a cloudy sky while a transparent version of Granada's symbol unfolds from the centre of the screen.

Accompanying clock ident: On a different cloudy sky, a red digital clock can be seen in the centre, along with "GRANADA" below in gold. The Granada logo can be seen poking out on the left, containing an image of a hot air balloon in it.

Variant: Sometimes we see a bank and some barbed wire fence against the cloudy sky.

FX/SFX: The symbol unfolding.

Music/Sounds: A dreamy synth cue. This is a sped up version of part of a library music piece that was also used by the IBA to precede their engineering announcements during the 1980s.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

9th Logo (1989)
Nickname: "G-Arrow V"

Logo: On a blue background, we see a bunch of paper dolls circling around. Behind them is the famous "Arrow G" made out of gold snowflakes. The word "Times New Roman" appears.

FX/SFX: The paper dolls.

Music/Sounds: Same as the 8th logo followed by an announcer.

Availability: Extinct. Only seen during the 1989 Christmas season.

Editor's Note: None.

10th Logo (1989)
Nicknames: "Granada in the North West", "G-Arrow VI"

Logo: Over an implied globe showing Granada's broadcast area, a two-dimensional ring containing people's faces floats in from the top left corner of the screen. A north-pointing arrow, in a similar style, then comes in from the bottom. As the arrow positions itself on the top of the ring, two right-angled triangles, coloured gradient turquoise and forming a rectangle with a diagonal from the top left to the bottom right, rotate into view behind them. The arrow and ring then turn into the Granada symbol, coloured red, and as this happens, the logo zooms out and a gradient grey background fades in in place of the globe. Finally, a white flash moves through the aforementioned diagonal from the bottom right, filling it in in the same colour, before a large red arrowhead fades in at the top left; at the same time the lines "Times New Roman" and "Times New Roman", in an italic serif font, fade in below the logo.

FX/SFX: The arrow and ring floating and turning into the Granada symbol, the triangles rotating into view, and the white flash filling in the diagonal between the triangles.

Music/Sounds: A simple brass fanfare, complete with a violin and synthesised drumbeats.

Availability: Extinct. This logo was used only locally.

Editor's Note: None.

11th Logo (1989)
Note: This ident was never used on air.

Nickname: "ITV Generic"

Logo: See ITV for description.

12th Logo (June 4, 1990-January 1, 1995)
Nicknames: "The Stripe", "G-Arrow VII"

Logo:
 * 1990-1991: On a white background, a blue stripe descends from the top of the screen. When it gets slightly beyond the middle of the screen, it stops and the symbol fades onto the stripe. Shortly afterwards the word "Times New Roman" fades in at the bottom of the screen.
 * 1991-1992: The "G" is changed to dark blue, and the background is different as well.
 * 1992-1995: Same as the 1989 version, but the stripe starts out in a rainbow colour before changing to dark blue.

Variants:
 * There was a special autumn version with a leaf falling and morphing into the stripe.
 * A Christmas version had the stripe replaced with a swaying gift tag.
 * A North West version had a stripe with North West scenes that zooms out. The stripe forms part of the text "NORTH WEST".
 * A version with the number "888" below the logo preceded shows with subtitles.
 * A special Olympics variant was used during Manchester's Submission for the 2000 Olympic games in 1992.
 * The production variant would use the text "Times New Roman" or "Times New Roman". Variations exist also with the text "Times New Roman" and "A GRANADA PRESENTATION" and "Times New Roman".

FX/SFX: The stripe descending and the symbol and word fading in. More subtle than other ITV idents of the time, but does not look cheesy. The production variant is still.

Music/Sounds: Same as the 8th logo, from 1991 on it was played on a celesta. The production variant is silent.

Availability:
 * The ID is extinct. By this time, ITV regional symbols were only used in the region they served.
 * The production variant was seen on numerous TV shows from the era.
 * The international version was seen on some Maigret episodes.
 * The presentation variant was seen on a 1992 airing of A Woman Named Jackie.

Editor's Note: None.

13th Logo (1994-1995)
Nicknames: "The Stripe V", "The Stripe Flag", "Granada Flag", "G-Arrow XI"

Logo: A scene that takes place somewhere in the North West of England is shown before a flag with the Granada logo appears. The slogan "Times New Roman" appears before the logo.

Variants: Many variants were used during the logo's short lifetime.

FX/SFX: All live action.

Music/Sounds: A newly composed jingle that varied in style from variant to variant.

Availability: Extinct. Was used in conjunction with the 12th logo mainly as a promotional sting, but sometimes served as a local ident.

Editor's Note: None.

14th Logo (January 2, 1995-November 7, 1999)
Nicknames: "The Stripe VI", "G-Arrow XII"

Logo: On a blue and purple abstract background, a large silvery version of the symbol flies away from the viewer and onto a metallic version of the stripe that fades in before the symbol lands on it.

Variants:
 * The production variant used a still picture with the text "Times New Roman", "A GRANADA PRESENTATION"  "Times New Roman", or "Times New Roman" with the 1989 ITV logo.
 * For shows that Granada produced for BBC the text reads "A GRANADA TELEVISION PRODUCTION FOR BBC".
 * On Royle Family, there was a black background with only the blue stripe with arrow, with the 1997 BBC logo below.
 * On early seasons of the latter its uses the normal background.
 * For programmes distributed by Granada Sky Broadcasting (now known as ITV Digital Studios LTD), it says "A Granada Television on (Granada's print logo) Granada Sky Broadcasting". This version also has the northern lights BG switched to a purple/pink BG.

FX/SFX: The background is CGI, but the symbol is actually made of perspex and shot using a camera, and keyed into the logo. Either way, it's really good. The production variants are still.

Music/Sounds: An orchestrated version of the last few notes of the jingle to the 15th logo. The production variants either used none or the closing theme.

Availability:
 * The normal variant is extinct, was only used as a local ID.
 * The production variant appeared on shows from the time until 2001, such as Essex Boys and Coronation Street, among others.

Editor's Note: None.

15th Logo (September 1996-November 7, 1999)
Nickname: "G-Arrow XIII"

Logo: TBA

Variants: TBA

FX/SFX: TBA

Music/Sounds: TBA

Availability: TBA

Editor's Note: None.

16th Logo (November 8, 1999-October 27, 2002)
Nicknames: "TV From The Heart" "ITV Generic 2" "G-Arrow XIV"

See ITV for description.

17th Logo (2001-November 30, 2004)
Logo: We see a purple space filled by shadow copies of the letter "A" without a middle line. The word ""Times New Roman" is seen over.

Trivia: The word "GRANADA" has the same design as the film counterpart logo, used during the same time.

Variants:
 * Sometimes, the text appears underneath the Granada logo reading "A Granada Production".
 * Some shows may have a copyright disclaimer below both the word and the text.
 * On nature shows such as Survival the text appears underneath reading "A Granada Wild Production" and appears in the same font as the main text.
 * On sports programmes the text changes to "A Granada Sport Production".
 * On season 9 of Agatha Christie's Poirot a different text is used underneath "A Granada Production" and in a different font reading "in association with A&E Television Networks and Agatha Christie Ltd. (a Chorion Company).

FX/SFX: None.

Music/Sounds: None or the show's closing theme.

Availability: Very rare.

Editor's Note: None.

Final Note: Shows using the Granada "G Without Arrow" endcap since November 1, 2004. Jungle Run, the CITV game show continued to use the endcap until series 6 ended on November 30, 2004.

18th Logo (December 2001-October 31, 2004)
Nickname: "G-Arrow XV"

Logo: We see a purple space filled by shadow copies of the Granada symbol. The square with the symbol is seen above them, with the Granada Television disclaimer below reading "A Granada Television Production" and the regular corporate logo underneath.

Variants:
 * For shared works, other names were mentioned below the logo.
 * On Henry VIII, it said "Granada/WGBH Boston in association with Powercorp". *On Doctor Zhivago, it said "Granada/Evision/WGBH Boston".
 * On the UK version of Russian Roulette the Granada Arrow square appears next to the Sony Pictures Television International logo and the text changes to "A Sony Pictures Television International/Granada Television Production".
 * There was an in-credit logo with only the square remained.
 * On Tonight: Major Fraud the logo is next to the Celador logo and the text underneath now reads "A Granada Television/Celador Co-Production."
 * On the TV movie Watermelon the text remains the same but underneath "Production" is the text "In association with Accomplice Television and TV3 Ireland with their own logos underneath the "GRANADA" word.
 * On the TV movie Dirty Filthy Love the copyright disclaimer appears underneath the Granada logo.
 * On the TV movie Lie with Me the text now reads "A Granada Production" and appears in a different font and without the "GRANADA" word.

FX/SFX: None.

Music/Sounds: None or the show's closing theme.

Availability: Seen on TV shows from the time. The normal version appeared on shows that were produced by this company such as The Forsyte Saga and the first season of Blue Murder, among others. Other shows and TV movies such as the UK version of Russian Roulette Doctor Zhivago (2002) and Henry VIII (2003), had it with the co-production byline.

Editor's Note: None.

19th Logo (November 1, 2004-2012)
Nicknames: "Granada G", "G Without Arrow", "Neon G"

Logo: On a black background with purple flashes, we see soft lines forming a "G". The line on the "G" is replaced by the word "GRANADA" now appears in Futura font and the purple bar appears fading in.

Variants:
 * For international distribution, the word "International" appears below.
 * A short version of the "International" variant exists.
 * Another variant has the world "Ventures" underneath.
 * The logo sometimes had a disclaimer of "Granada Yorkshire" or "Granada London", reflecting the takeover of Yorkshire Television and LWT and wipeout of their native logos with a small purple bar appears next to the other bar and it fades in with the bar.
 * Another version exists where it had a disclaimer of "Granada Manchester" reflecting on shows that were produced in Manchester.
 * There is a version where the text "A Granada Production" next to the Granada logo and it fades in with the purple bar.
 * The text may change on some shows, TV movies and documentaries.
 * On reruns of classic Catchphrase the text next to the Granada logo reads "An Action Time Production for Granada" and it fades in with the bar and plasters the Carlton Television variant.
 * On A Touch of Frost episode Near Death Experience and ITV3 prints of seasons 3 and 4 of the show, the text next to the logo reads "A Granada Yorkshire Production in association with Excelsior" fades in with the bar.
 * On ITV4 reruns of The Professionals there is no text appearing next to the Granada logo plastering the Mark VII Productions and the LWT logos.
 * A still version of this logo exists with the text next to it, sometimes the logo appears inside the box.
 * Sometimes the text appears underneath the still logo.
 * A print version exists where the logo is 2D and the background appears inside a purple box.
 * For shows that were co-produced with WGBH the text reads "A Co-Production of Granada and WGBH BOSTON".
 * On Pocoyo the logo appears next to the Zinkia Entertainment logo and the word "GRANADA" is coloured purple with the text underneath reading "A Granada/Zinkia Entertainment Production", sometimes the Zinkia appears next to the Granada logo and the text changes to "A Zinkia Entertainment/Granada Production".
 * For Granada's overseas productions arms "International" is replaced by the country who produced the program or TV movie (e.g. America, Australia).
 * From 2009-2012, the Australian production arm did not change to ITV Studios branding. The logo did change slightly with "Australia" pushed up a little and includes the ITV Studios byline.
 * A print logo was used on NDS games Bella Sara (with the Ventures name and on black), and Hell's Kitchen (using a white background).
 * On Go Baby!, the old Little Airplane Productions logo appears above the Granada Ventures ident from the era seen at the middle of the bottom, but is in credit and superimposed.
 * A B&W variant of the "America" variant exists.

FX/SFX: The dynamic background, and the forming of the "G".

Music/Sounds: A guitar riff followed by an electronic piece of music, or the closing theme of the show.

Music/Sounds Variants:
 * A short version of the theme exists.
 * High tone and low tone variants of the theme also exist.
 * On the American version of Gameshow Marathon, CBS uses the Generic theme.
 * Sometimes (mainly on the "International" variant), it's completely silent.
 * Sometimes, it uses the World International Network logo's theme.

Availability: Common, as it was highly used in movie and TV show production, sometimes plastering older logos.
 * This appears on then-new seasons of current shows and then-new shows and documentaries on until 2012 such as Pocoyo, among others.
 * The "Granada London" variant appears on then-new seasons of current and then-current shows that were originally produced by LWT which are I'll Be Alright on the Night and Agatha Christie's Poirot, among others.
 * The "Granada Manchester" variant was seen on then-new seasons of its shows that were produced by Granada Television which are Coronation Street (which it's still running since 1960), This Morning, The Royal Family, Tonight and Blue Murder, among others.
 * The "Granada Yorkshire" variant appears on then-new seasons of current and then-current shows that were originally produced by Yorkshire Television which are Emmerdale (which is still running today), Heartbeat, Countdown (which it uses a variant), A Touch of Frost and The Royal, among others.
 * In 2006, this was replaced with an ITV Productions logo on ITV shows, but this was kept on ITV-produced shows airing on other channels, until 2009 when it was replaced with ITV Studios branding.
 * It also appeared on licensed games, for example Hell's Kitchen for Wii (with the "America" byline).
 * The "International" variant appears on then-new prints of shows and movies that were originally produced by its predecessors and also appears on shows and movies that were produced by ITC Entertainment.
 * The "International" variant sometimes plasters the "America" variant on some TV movies and the 1999 Carlton International logo on some shows.
 * This also appears at the beginning of then-current prints of many films from its library including films from The Rank Organisation.
 * The "America" variant was seen on its American shows and TV movies that they produced until 2009 such as Kitchen Nightmares and the American adaptation of Eleventh Hour.
 * Despite nearly every Granada unit changing to ITV Studios branding, Granada's Australian and German production units still operated under Granada branding with an ITV Studios byline.
 * This can be seen on the Australian shows such as Talkin' 'bout Your Generation and Shaun Micallef's Mad as Hell as well as any German show produced by Granada.
 * Granada Germany rebranded to ITV Studios Germany in 2011, and Granada Australia rebranded to ITV Studios Australia in January 2013, in line with ITV's 2013 re-brand.
 * The silent "International" variant is seen on Thunderbirds kiddie rides with video screens from Jolly Roger.

Editor's Note: None.

Final Note: ITV shows began using the ITV Productions logo since January 16, 2006. Jungle Run, the CITV game show continued to use the endcap until the show's ended on November 29, 2006 while ITV-produced shows airing on other channels continued to use the endcap until 2009 when it was replaced with ITV Studios branding.