Gorky Film Studio

Background
Gorky Film Studio is situated in Moscow. It's the second oldest Russian film studio, founded in 1915 (a year after Lenfilm). They changed several names through the years. Their history: Rus' Cinema Partnership (1915-1922), Mezhrabpom-Rus' (1924-1928), Mezhrabpom-film (1928-1936), Soyuzdetfilm (1936-1948), oriented on children films, and finally, M.Gorky Film Studio (since 1948), named after the famous writer Maksim Gorky. Since 1963 and until the end of USSR they were called the "central studio of children's and youth films".

1st Logo (April 7, 1975)
Visuals: There is a stylized drawing of Gorky's head on a green filmstrip with name and some information in Russian, which literally means "Central Film Studio for Children and Youth Films in the name of M.GORKY".

Technique: None.

Audio: None.

Availability: It was seen on Dochki-materi. Other films had the simple text disclaimer.

2nd Logo (1990's-2000's)
Visuals: In black space, there is the arc-shaped spaceship with blue engines heading towards the distant star. Then it pans around and becomes the Gorky Studios facility building with the three former "engines" on its roof producing lights upward. Then the bluish Cyrillic name zooms back (arc-shaped "КИНОСТУДИЯ" above and "ГОРЬКОГО" below) around the building. The background changes to sunlit clouds and the blurred panorama of the Kremlin.

Variant: Sometimes, the logo is boxed.

Technique: CGI.

Audio: Starting with a space engine humming, then a majestic trumpet fanfare follows.

Availability: Can be seen on the film Prihodi na Menya Posmotret.

3rd Logo (2000's-2012)
Visuals: There is the scratch of white showing picture of the rocket monument (on VDNH in Moscow, as seen from the studio location). Below is the name in Cyrillic, reading literally "Filmstudio in the memory of M.Gorky", and the word 1915 below.

Technique: None.

Audio: None.

Availability: Seen on the film Suhodol.

4th Logo (August 2012 -)
Visuals: A stylized picture of the Rocket Monument is drawn, made of a folded pink and white ribbon ending with the small rocket. The name is shown at the right side. The "in association with" disclaimer appears above the logo.

Technique: 2D computer animation.

Audio: A calm synth theme or the opening theme of the movie.

Availability: The studio's output is very low nowadays.