RTP1

Background
RTP (Rádio e Televisão de Portugal) was established in December 1955 with test broadcasts conducted in September 1956 at the now-defunct Feira Popular amusement park in Lisbon. Regular broadcasts commenced at 21:30 on March 7, 1957. Initially the channel broadcast from 21:30 to either 23:00 or 23:30, with an additional period on Sundays between 18:00 and 19:00. Initially, RTP had a very limited coverage area, encompassing the northern and central coastal areas of Portugal, before expanding to the whole of the mainland in the mid-1960s. On October 19, 1959, Telejornal went on air for the first time, becoming the longest-running Portuguese TV show in existence.It was the only TV channel available in Portugal until December 25, 1968, when RTP2 started broadcasting. Because of that, RTP had to identify both channels as I Programa and II Programa in order to distinguish them. Daytime broadcasts commenced in 1970, with a two-hour period running at various times mostly between 12:30 and 14:30. Before then, Telescola (educational classes) were generally the first programmes of the day and the regular schedule started at 19:00, running until midnight. In 1974, RTP's ratings grew with the expansion of the acquisition of television sets in the country. The first color broadcasts were conducted in 1976, with the legislative elections. In 1978, the channel was renamed RTP-1 (initially hyphenated). Color programming was now in production, and a heat of Jeux Sans Frontières has to be transmitted in said technology in order to air to the rest of Europe, which already had regular color broadcasts at the time. As the months progressed, more and more color broadcasts were included before launching regularly on March 7, 1980. In October 1983, the daytime period was abolished in order to save energy. Weekday broadcasts were then restricted to start at 17:00 and end at 23:00. Said broadcasts were resumed in 1985, when RTP decided to broadcast the daytime block from Oporto. The educational broadcasts (then known as Ciclo Preparatório TV) were abolished in 1988. By then, daytime shutdowns were abolished. Towards the end of the 1980s, RTP was facing challenges with the impending arrival of private broadcasters. As a result, RTP decided to rename RTP1 as RTP Canal 1, in readiness for a bigger rebrand that happened on September 17, 1990, where the channel was now officially rebranded as Canal 1, in order to reinforce its position in front of the new broadcasters. Having lost its leadership status slowly between 1994 and 1995, owing to SIC's success, it eventually turned into the vice-leader before falling into third place, when TVI got a ratings boost. On April 29, April 29, 1996, Canal 1 reverted to RTP1.

1st Logo (1976-1980)
Logo: On a black background, a white "1" suddenly slides in, with a light gray trail with a gray streak coming behind it. The "1" goes off-screen before sliding back in. The letters "Cooper" then appear one by one in black.

FX/SFX: The "1" sliding in and the text appearing. The logo reverses after the commercial break.

Music/Sounds: A loud piano ditty.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

2nd Logo (February 1981-March 21, 1983)
Nicknames: “The Blue 1", "Red Stars"

Logo: On a black background, four red stars quickly zoom in and spread out into more stars before disappearing. A blue box with a light yellow border, a "1" attached on the top and "Cooper" on the bottom fades in and zooms out.

FX/SFX: The stars moving and the logo zooming out.

Music/Sounds: A dark and creepy bell tune.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: This logo has a rather dark and gloomy theme to it.

3rd Logo (July-October 17, 1983)
Logo: On a space background, the red and white letters "Serif", "Serif", and "Serif" fly into place as a "1" in the same colors flies into place. The letters stay in place for a second and then fly off screen as the "1" zooms up to take the entire screen. A star shaped flash appears, spins, and shrinks on the "1".

FX/SFX: The spinning letters and flash. This may be early CGI, and if so, the work here is pretty ahead of its time.

Music/Sounds: A calmer synth theme.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

4th Logo (October 18, 1983-March 22, 1984)
Logo: On a black background, two sets of stripes are drawn in, with the stripes on one being green, red, and yellow, and the other having the same colors but with blue instead of green. While they are being drawn in, the letters "Serif", in blue with a white outline, flip in one by one. The stripes curve and then collide with each other. The logo zooms in towards the middle of the collided stripes and expand. A white "1" inside a red circle with a white outline zooms in as the stripes disappear.

FX/SFX: Everything. Primitive animation.

Music/Sounds: A synth xylophone tune.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

5th Logo (March 23, 1984-November 1985)
Logo:
 * Normal: On a black background with multicolored lines and flashing dots, "RTP 1" in a Sinaloa font zooms in as a red rectangle zooms out. They then come together to form the logo.
 * Nighttime: On a blurry shot of a night sky projection, the camera slides out to reveal a camera shrouded in darkness. "RTP" zooms in while flipping in and the "1" zooms out. When they meet, a red rectangle fades in.

FX/SFX: The text and box zooming.

Music/Sounds: A synth tune that has a warble effect on the last note. The nighttime version has a dreamy piano arpeggio.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

6th Logo (November 1985-October 17, 1986)
Logo: On a black background, two lights draw a box made of shining blue and orange lines. The RTP1 logo for the time, which is the text in a white rectangle with a diagonal cut near the "1", zooms in. When the logo meets the center of the box, it fades out.

FX/SFX: The zooming of the logo.

Music/Sounds: A piano tune with twinkles near the end.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

7th Logo (October 13, 1986-November 1988)
Logo:
 * Normal 1: On a black background, a small white circle is seen in the middle of the screen. It then zooms in as a green cube, a blue sphere, and a red pyramid spin around the circle. When they are close enough to the screen, the shapes compress into a "1" shape and the "Serif typeface slides out. The sphere then turns 2D.
 * Normal 2: On a light blue background with a black floor, a spinning red pyramid drops down and lands onto the floor. A spinning green cube also drops down and lands onto the floor. A blue sphere rolls into its place and the pyramid stops spinning. The camera pans down to a black background as the shapes come together to form the logo. The "1" fades in and the "Serif" typeface slides out.
 * Short: On a black background, the shapes quickly flip and fly into place while in 2D. When they come together, the rest of the logo appears and turns to 3D, either turning to the left or right.
 * Sign-On: On a space background, what appears to be a meteor zooms into the darkness, faintly flashing in white at one point. A diagonal white line expands outwards while off center and flips towards the screen, forming a red square that rotates before turning into a cube with green and blue sides. The blue section overtakes the entire screen, as white lines form on it. A flash then appears and the blue screen opens up, revealing a land of red circuit lines running through a green board, with sparks in them as well. A sky is also seen, as well as blue, red, and green pyramids. The camera zooms towards the pyramids, and the board slides away to reveal a yellow ground. The camera spins around the pyramids a bit, before they rise out of the ground and turn into cubes. They spin around a bit and the blue cube takes up the whole screen, before the cubes become spheres on a dark blue background. They zoom out and revolve a bit, before the blue sphere comes up to the screen again. It zooms out and reveals the shapes from the normal logo on a black background. They take their usual positions, the "1" appears, and the "Serif" typeface slides out.

Variant: In 1987, the short variant features the RTP 30 Anos logo sliding in, but with the "RTP" text blacked out. The music is also a short version of that logo.

FX/SFX: The spinning shapes. Interesting CGI.

Music/Sounds:
 * A twinkly synth tune.
 * The same tune, but extended for an extra verse.
 * The same tune, but cut down to the 2nd verse.
 * A synth version of the original RTP theme "Derby Day", with choirs, lasers, and other sounds.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

8th Logo (November 1988-September 17, 1990)
Logo: On a black background, we see many glass shapes in different shades of blue. They move to form a box as the camera pans. A glass "1" slides in the space and it turns green as the "Serif" typeface, also in green, fades in beside it.

Variants:
 * Later on in the logo's usage, "CANAL" appears under "Serif".
 * The startup variant is the same as that of the previous logo, but it fades to the normal version of the logo forming as the spheres rotate.

FX/SFX: The box forming.

Music/Sounds: A majestic synth tune.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

1st Logo (September 17, 1990-April 29, 1996)
Nickname: "Portugal At Sea"

Logo: We start off in a sea with a red island with seven gold towers on it floating. We then zoom in towards the island and pan around one of the towers. We then zoom out from the towers and turn to face the sky as the island is revealed to be the shield of the Portuguese coat of arms. The sun rises and the camera turns down a bit as the sea fills up half the screen. The sun expands out five rays to divide the sky into five sections and the sea, island, and sections rotate and form the Portuguese flag. The sun then blazes one more time and then fades to an armillary sphere behind the shield, forming the coat of arms. The coat of arms turns into a yellow sphere which opens up to become an armillary sphere with a blue sphere. The flag fades to a light blue background and the blue sphere divides into two halves that spin and morph into a "C" and a "1". They spin and expand, with letters fading in between them, forming "Canal1" "Courier Cooper" ("End of RTP emission" in Portuguese) in gold, with "Cooper" in its corporate font, fades in.

FX/SFX: The formation of the flag and the text expanding.

Music/Sounds: The national anthem of Portugal.

Availability: Extinct. This was used in closedowns.

Editor's Note: None.

2nd Logo (September 17, 1990-September 1994)
Logo: On a complicated background, we are inside an armillary sphere with two blue objects inside. The objects move outside the sphere and we zoom out as they morph into the "C" and a "1" from the previous logo and expand. The rest of the name appears and the background changes to a bunch of different objects, including an astronaut. The background then changes to a blue background with "Cooper" in gold at the bottom right corner.

Variant: During its early years, the logo plays slower and the background doesn't change the first time.

FX/SFX: The formation of the logo and the background changing.

Music/Sounds: A synth tune with a whoosh and 4 notes at the end.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

3rd Logo (March 8-July 1995)
Logo: On a blue spotlight background with many yellow, red, and blue diagonal lines moving rapidly, many shapes in the same colors move through the front of the screen before forming the sphere from the previous logos. It zooms out into the bottom right corner before a gold bar with the Canal 1 logo slides in and the sphere attaches to the "C", still spinning.

FX/SFX: The formation of the sphere and background.

Music/Sounds: A piano tune with a choir.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

4th Logo (July-September 1995)
Logo: On a dark blue background, lines draw the shortened logo as it turns to face us. It gets filled with color and a yellow sphere appears inside. It gains solar rays on the right and turns into the armillary sphere.

FX/SFX: The lines.

Music/Sounds: Same as the 3rd logo.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

5th Logo (September 1995-April 29, 1996)
Logo: On a water surface, many yellow spheres rain down and form ripples, before all of them except one jump back up. The remaining sphere gets surrounded by many transparent blue "C" shapes, which then spin around as the sphere is divided into pieces to form the armillary sphere, forming the Canal 1 logo (without the rest of "Canal").

FX/SFX: The spheres and C shapes.

Music/Sounds: A funky tune with a woman singing "Woooo!", pings, and a chorus singing "Canal 1!".

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.

1st Logo (April 29, 1996-October 12, 1998)
Logo: We basically see the logo moving or incorporated in something, like a spotlight. The design is a white "1" with a blue box and "R T P" on the base.

FX/SFX: Live action.

Music/Sounds: A different piano tune depending on the variant.

Availability: Extinct.

Editor's Note: None.