Columbia Pictures

Background
Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. (commonly known as Columbia Pictures) is an American film studio and production company that is a member of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group, a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment, and one of the major American film studios. Since 1993, it has been headquartered at Sony Pictures Studios (formerly MGM Studios) in Culver City, California.

Columbia Pictures was originally founded as "Cohn-Brandt-Cohn Film Sales" in 1918 by Harry Cohn, his brother Jack Cohn, and Jack's friend Joe Brandt. Brandt was president of CBC Film Sales, handling sales, marketing and distribution from New York along with Jack Cohn, while Harry Cohn ran production in Hollywood. Many of the studio's early productions were low-budget affairs; the start-up CBC leased space in a poverty row studio on Hollywood's Gower Street. Among Hollywood's elite, CBC's reputation led some to joke that "CBC" stood for "Corned Beef and Cabbage".

Following a reorganization, the Cohn brothers renamed the predecessor company as "Columbia Pictures Corporation" on January 10, 1924. Columbia's product line consisted mostly of moderately budgeted features and a short-subject program of comedies, serials, cartoons, and sports films. Columbia gradually moved into the production of higher-budget fare, building a reputation as one of Hollywood's more important studios. On December 23, 1968, it was reorganized as Columbia Pictures Industries after Columbia Pictures Corporation merged with its television division Screen Gems. On June 22, 1982, Columbia Pictures was sold to The Coca-Cola Company for $750 million. In December 1987, it became part of Columbia Pictures Entertainment, with Coke owning 49%. Finally, on November 8, 1989, it was sold to Sony Corporation of Japan. Since 1998, Columbia Pictures has been part of the Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group (Sony Pictures Entertainment Motion Picture Group since 2013), which is a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony.

Columbia Pictures titles were distributed through a partnership with Warner Bros. under the name Columbia-Warner internationally (with some partnerships in the United Kingdom) until 1987, when Columbia reorganized its international distribution division into Columbia Tri-Star Films. The UK partnership would last until 1988.

1st Logo (March 15, 1924-December 29, 1927)
Logo: On a dark gray background with arch clouds below, we see a woman dressed in a Roman soldier's outfit (similar to the Greco-Roman goddess Athena/Minerva), crowned with a wreath and covered in a toga, holding a shield in her left hand and holding an olive branch in her right hand. We see the text "COLUMBIA PICTURES CORPORATION Presents", with "COLUMBIA PICTURES" arched above, "CORPORATION" underneath it in a straight line, and "Presents" below.

Trivia:
 * The figure depicted in the logo is actually of the goddess Liberty (or the Roman goddess Libertas) as seen on the obverse of the "Standing Liberty quarter", which was minted from 1916 until 1930.
 * The identity of the model is disputed. The most known candidate for the model is Doris Doscher, an actress who sometimes worked in silent films under the name Doris Doree, and who became known as "the girl on the quarter". However, some reports stated that Broadway actress Irene MacDowell was the model. There are some speculations that the model could actually be a composite of both women.

Variant: A textless variant exists.

Technique: None.

Music/Sounds: The opening theme of the movie.

Availability: Ultra rare; seen on very early films from Columbia Pictures. Last seen on The Lady with the Torch documentary on Encore Drama (whenever the network decides to rebroadcast it). More recently, this logo made a surprise appearance on the 2018 film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse as part of that film's variant of the 1993 logo.

2nd Logo (January 1928-May 25, 1936)
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Logo: We see a medium shot of a lady holding a light torch in her right hand, depicted with a dark bob and a Cleopatra-esque headdress across her forehead. She is draped in an American flag complete with the stars on her left shoulder and the stripes coming across her middle, supported by her left arm, and hanging down her right side. Her torch is displayed with a rather primitive, flickering style of animation emitting lines of light as rays. The Torch Lady's head is under an arch of chiseled, square-shaped letters reading the words "A COLUMBIA PRODUCTION". At the end of the movie or short subject, the words are "THIS IS A COLUMBIA PICTURE" with "The End" below it in a script font.

Trivia: The Torch Lady shown here is actress Claudia Dell, who appeared as Spanky's mother in the Our Gang shorts "Mama's Little Pirate" and "Anniversary Trouble".

Variants:
 * Earlier films until 1932 would feature the name in a different typeface, and sometimes read "COLUMBIA PICTURES CORPORATION" at the start of the film (sometimes also with the word "Presents" below, in a script font), and "A COLUMBIA PRODUCTION" at the end, like on The Miracle Woman.
 * Another variation consists of the words "A COLUMBIA PRODUCTION" and "The End" below. It was spotted on The Miracle Woman, Platinum Blonde, Three Wise Girls, The Final Edition, High Speed, American Madness, and the Three Stooges short "Restless Knights".
 * On some Three Stooges shorts, the logo is shown without the company name.
 * A rare opening variation has the words "COLUMBIA PICTURES" on top and "Presents" below. It was spotted on The Pagan Lady, The Guilty Generation, The Deadline, The Secret Witness, and the early John Wayne film Maker of Men (all 1931).
 * There is another closing variant that has the words "COLUMBIA PICTURES", with "The End" appearing below, which can be found at the end of The Secret Witness, Maker of Men, Forbidden, and Shopworn.
 * In 2004, Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment released several colorized Three Stooges shorts; these had the Torch Lady in color as well, and the words are in yellow.

Technique: A mix of moiré effects and editing.

Music/Sounds: A majestic horn sounder (a la 20th Century Fox), or the opening/closing theme of the short/feature.

Availability: Very rare. It was seen on Frank Capra's It Happened One Night (1934). Also can be seen on The Three Stooges releases on DVD. Can still be seen on reruns of 1934-1936 Three Stooges shorts on IFC, AMC, and Antenna TV. It can also be found on TCM and Sony Movie Channel. It does not appear on original prints of Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse and Silly Symphonies cartoons from 1930-1932, as Columbia only distributed those shorts. The textless version can be seen on some Three Stooges shorts.

Legacy: This is known as the first torch lady logo; the lady looks noticeably different compared to the other logos.

3rd Logo (May 28, 1936-December 21, 1976)
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Logo: We see the lady, this time standing on top of a pedestal with a backdrop of clouds over her, while she is holding her light torch. Much more refined, ethereal and goddess-like, her facial features are less pronounced and she looks away (up and to the right) instead of straight ahead. Her headdress is absent and her hair sweeps back instead of hanging by the sides of her face. The drape over her shoulder is less obviously an American flag, with the stars on the left shoulder being toned down in a shadow, and the stripes are visible only on the portion of the drape hanging down her right side. "A COLUMBIA PRODUCTION" is replaced with the tall chiseled letters of "COLUMBIA" (which fades in a second afterward) running straight across the top section of the screen, with the lady's torch glowing in front of the "U". A new form of animation is used on the logo as well, with a torch that radiates light instead of flickers. Until the mid-1960s, this logo would also appear at the end of films, sometimes with the words "The End" in a script font.

Trivia: The model for this Torch Lady is Pittsburgh native Jane Chester Bartholomew, who was discovered by Harry Cohn himself.

Byline: Starting in 1974, the byline "A DIVISION OF COLUMBIA PICTURES INDUSTRIES, INC." appears at the bottom of the screen. This variant was introduced around the time its television production division Screen Gems Television changed its name to Columbia Pictures Television.

Evolution Variants:
 * 1942: The lady looks much like she did in 1936, but the flag is now a plain red mantle (the Sony website implies that the change was to coincide with a new law that forbade the usage of the American flag as clothing; perhaps not coincidentally, this variation first appeared within a year of the United States' entry into World War II), dark on the left shoulder with only the shadows of the folds distinguishing the rest of it from the lady's white gown on her right side. The "COLUMBIA" lettering is also modified, still chiseled but less bold, and with darker shadowing.
 * 1943-1952, 1953-1954: The logo is adapted for Technicolor. The pedestal is more visible now and the sky background is different.
 * 1945, 1946?–1954: Similar to the Technicolor variant, but the "COLUMBIA" text is, and the clouds and lady are a bit different. This logo is adapted for Cinecolor, as well as the Technicolor process.
 * July 17, 1953: The Columbia Lady's robe is redrawn with a plunging neckline. The logo is also adapted for widescreen. After the introduction of the next three variants, it would be used in tandem with them until it was retired.
 * January 26, 1955: The logo is adapted for CinemaScope. The Torch Lady loses her slipper-clad foot peeking out from the bottom of her robe as it divides just above the pedestal. Also, the clouds behind the logo are more concentrated in the center and more billowy in shape.
 * August 12, 1956: Similar to the CinemaScope variant, albeit in 4:3 fullscreen; more of the logo can be seen on the top and bottom. This logo is adapted for the 1.37:1 "academy" process, as well as the CinemaScope process.
 * 1960-1968: Similar to the CinemaScope variant, but the clouds are.
 * April 1968-December 12, 1973, April 5, 1974, August 1, 1976: The drapery is temporarily during this era. Several films that feature this variant include Where Angels Go, Trouble Follows!, The Swimmer, The Big Gundown, Hammerhead, Funny Girl, The Wrecking Crew, Otley, Model Shop, MacKenna's Gold, Easy Rider, Castle Keep, Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice, The Desperados, Cactus Flower, Five Easy Pieces, The Owl and the Pussycat, The Reckoning, 10 Rillington Place, The Anderson Tapes, Dollars ($), The Horsemen, Brian's Song, Nicholas and Alexandra, A Day in the Death of Joe Egg, Butterflies Are Free, Fat City, The New Centurions, Monty Python's And Now for Something Completely Different, The Valachi Papers, 1776, The National Health, Lost Horizon (1973), The Way We Were, Summer Wishes, Winter Dreams, The Last Detail, The Golden Voyage of Sinbad, Tommy, and Brian De Palma's Obsession.

Variants: SOLD FOR HOME USE ONLY THEATRICAL, TELEVISION, AND ALL OTHER RIGHTS RESERVE ©COLUMBIA PICTURES INDUSTRIES, INC. 1973
 * On The King Steps Out, the Three Stooges short "Disorder in the Court" and the 1936 western Stampede, "PRESENTS" appears below.
 * On The Three Stooges shorts & other short subjects from 1940-1945, the 1936 (or 1942) Torch Lady appears on the left side of The Three Stooges or the short subject's title card. On the steps are the words "COLUMBIA" on top, "SHORT SUBJECT" in the middle, and "PRESENTATION" on the bottom step.
 * On Taxi Driver, the logo is on a black background with clouds and has all of the text appearing at the same time.
 * On some films or shorts subjects like The Three Stooges, Buster Keaton or Charley Chase, the logo is completely still, only the torch shining at the opening or at the end of the movie or shorts.
 * On the 1948 Three Stooges short "Fuelin' Around", the 1968 logo in black & white is seen at the beginning. Obviously, this plastered the Screen Gems logo on some TV prints, with/without the original music. This variant was seen on said short when reran on The Family Channel in the mid-1990s.
 * On 3D movies produced by the company, a 3D version of this logo was employed. The depth was as follows: the Torch Lady was closest to the screen, with "COLUMBIA" slightly behind her, and the cloud background farthest back.
 * An ending variant was used on serials in the 1930s and 1940s. Along the bottom, it would read "A Columbia Serial" along the bottom. These were used on the Batman serials, among others.
 * Two ending variants existed for short subjects during the early 1940s: (1) Near the top of the screen, "THE" is in a 3D-like Futura font with a white face and dark/light shadows to the left of the Torch Lady, and "END" in the same font and effects is to the right; the shadows from "THE END" go behind the Torch Lady to an unknown vanishing point behind the rays of her torch (much like the early-to-mid-60's Four Star Television logo's effect). Near the top of the Torch Lady's pedestal, "COLUMBIA" is in a small but wider version of the company name's "chiseled" font, and "SHORT" "SUBJECT" "PRESENTATION" is chiseled onto each step of the pedestal, going from top to bottom respectively (when seen on colorized prints of The Three Stooges, "THE" "END" and "COLUMBIA" are in a yellowish- color, and the clouds and shadows are shades of dark and light blue, respectively); and (2) the standard "The End" additional text below would read "A Columbia Short Subject Presentation". These variants are usually seen on The Three Stooges shorts and often accompanies the aforementioned title card variant.
 * An Italian version of the closing version was shown at the end of the Spanish Mexican film Él (aka This Strange Passion or Lui).
 * Two Soviet-Russian variants exist where the whole logo is a recreated painting, which varies, the "COLUMBIA" text is completely absent, and different text can be seen in front of the Torch Lady.
 * On a Super 8mm colorized print of the Krazy Kat cartoon "The Katnips of 1940", a copyright disclaimer was superimposed into the logo, reading:

Technique: 2D animation was used, such as the torch rays, which held up very well for the time.

Music/Sounds: Usually, the beginning/end of the movie plays over the logo. On some films, the logo appears completely silent. However, on several mid to late '30s Three Stooges shorts, it has a majestic theme before playing the Three Stooges theme. On several other films, it would have a different theme.

Availability: Fairly common. Can still be seen on Columbia Pictures films of this period on home video formats and on TV airings.
 * The last films to feature this logo were Taxi Driver, Drive-In, Harry and Walter Go to New York, Obsession (at least on U.S. prints), and Peter Bogdanovich's Nickelodeon.
 * The 1973 variation was also seen on some later struck 16mm prints of some Three Stooges shorts, sometimes plastering the Screen Gems logo with the latter logo's music sometimes preserved, with Tricky Dicks and Three Pests in a Mess being common examples.
 * Tommy originally featured the 1968-75 variation of the logo, but was plastered with the next logo below on all later prints and home video releases of the film. Monty Python's And Now for Something Completely Different suffered the same fate as Tommy on the video releases, but has been restored on the DVD releases.
 * This was seen on early releases of the 1975 version of The Stepford Wives, but when Viacom bought the rights to the film, along with the rest of the Palomar Pictures catalog in the mid-'80s, the logo was deleted. However, following the release of the 2004 remake, Paramount Pictures gained rights to the original film through Viacom (owner of the former company), and added their 2002 logo at the beginning of all current prints.
 * This also appears on current prints of films that originally had the 2nd logo, including Dirigible, Behind the Mask, Shopworn, The Circus Queen Murder, Man's Castle, Twentieth Century, The Whole Town's Talking, The Black Room (1935), and She Married Her Boss.
 * The "A Columbia Serial" variant can be seen on the old Batman serials when aired on TCM.
 * The 3D version appears on the company's Golden Age 3D features, including Man in the Dark, Miss Sadie Thompson, and The Mad Magician.
 * The Three Stooges shorts that include the "Short Subject" variants will likely be retained, being followed by the Sony Pictures Television logo.

Legacy: The most well-known version of the logo, as it was used for 40 years. It also served as the basis for the 1955 Screen Gems Television logo.

4th Logo (June 23, 1976-February 11, 1982)
Logo: It begins with the familiar Columbia Torch Lady (a less-detailed yellow-toned 1942/1955 Torch Lady), standing on the pedestal holding her light torch against the backdrop of clouds. Then, the picture moves upward and towards the torch as the rays pull in, which shines even more as the picture blurs around it. It then emits a flash that fills the screen. When the flash dissolves, the light torch itself appears, as if in a sunburst, against a black screen and as it shrinks, it changes into a more "abstract" torch: a half circle, or a semicircle, with thirteen white light rays in the center and the words "serif" in a Souvenir Medium font under it. The entire logo then slowly backs away as it fades out.

Trivia:
 * The Sunburst logo originally came out in 1975, but first appeared only on posters.
 * The animation for the Sunburst logo was provided by Robert Abel and Associates, who specialized in elaborate, motion-controlled animation and lighting effects, and also did work on commercials (early 1970s 7-Up ads among many others) and Star Trek: The Motion Picture.

Variants:
 * When viewed in 4:3 fullscreen, there are varying versions where we see the pedestal, including close and medium views. There is a far view version in 1.85:1 on the U.S. Blu-ray release of Tommy.
 * A Soviet version exists. Here, the sunburst glows and the text is white for the finished product.
 * USSR releases used a snipe, if the logo described above is not used at all.

Technique: Very well-done motion-controlled cel animation that still looks good over 40 years later.

Music/Sounds: It begins with a dramatic theme that builds up as the camera zooms in on the torch, and with the flash/sunburst, it takes an inspirational, majestic tone. This theme was composed by Suzanne Ciani. Of course, like many other movie logos, this could also be silent or have the opening theme of the movie over it, but usually not.

Music/Sounds Trivia: The main instruments appearing on the soundtrack were a small horn section, Suzanne Ciani's Buchla modular (for the "popping" effects) and an ARP string synth (the same model Gary Wright used for his song "Dream Weaver" around the same time).

Music/Sounds Variant: The USSR Version includes an announcer.

Availability: Common. Sony is much better at keeping older theatrical logos on current releases of their films than their TV output (which is another story). In the early days of Columbia Pictures' video division, however, this logo would be plastered by their home video logo (although the "Columbia Pictures" text alone would be seen for a split second, possibly due to poor editing). Otherwise, all later video releases, DVDs/Blu-rays, and TV broadcasts retain this logo.
 * The first film to use this logo was Murder by Death, while the last to use it was Happy Birthday to Me. However, in international territories, it was used until at least 1982 as this appeared on Death Wish II (released domestically by Filmways Pictures).
 * On some airings of The Mirror Crack'd (the 1980 Angela Lansbury version), the logo is not shown at all, but is intact on most home media releases and uncut TV airings. However, it's plastered by the black-and-white variant of the 2003 StudioCanal logo on most newer releases.
 * The 1980 Magnetic Video release of the ITC Entertainment film The Eagle Has Landed, which Columbia distributed in the United States, also has this logo.
 * It also plasters the previous logo on Tommy, and 1980s and early 1990s U.S. VHS prints of Monty Python's And Now for Something Completely Different.
 * It was also seen on some pre-release versions of Stripes, before switching to the next logo for general release, as well as on home video releases.
 * The 1988 Goodtimes Home Video release of Close Encounters of the Third Kind (as well as most other Columbia films distributed by Goodtimes on VHS during this period, such as the original 1977 Fun With Dick and Jane) edits this out and goes straight to the opening credits, although other prints, such as the 2001 DVD and 30th Anniversary Blu-ray/DVD and the 40th Anniversary 4KHD retain it (as do later reissues of said other Columbia films from Sony Pictures Home Entertainment).
 * Neither this nor the 1963 Universal Pictures logo appear on the Steven Spielberg movie 1941 (which Columbia co-released with Universal).

Legacy: Although it sticks out from the other Columbia logos in design, this logo is still a favorite of many.

5th Logo (June 5, 1981-May 14, 1993)
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Logo:
 * 1981-1990: We see the standard Columbia Torch Lady (a somewhat less detailed version of her 1970s iteration) standing on a pedestal with her torch against the backdrop of clouds (which are now slightly less detailed and have a blueish tone). The torch then shines into a bright abstract shape, as if in a sunburst, then dims back in place. The words "Columbia Pictures" (in the same font as the last logo) fade to the left and right of the Torch Lady as her torch "shines".
 * 1989-1993: The logo fades in just like the 1981 version, but the sunburst animation is omitted (however, one can still see a glimpse of the light from the sunburst if one looks closely). Instead, after a second, the "Columbia Pictures" text fades in (a la the 1936-1976 logo).

Variants:
 * When viewed in full screen, there are varying versions where we see her pedestal, including close, medium and far views.
 * This logo was also used for the first half of the Triumph Films logo in 1982.
 * On a 1986 HBO airing and the 1985 VHS of Starman and the original UK VHS release of Flatliners, the logo's original 2.35:1 aspect ratio was squeezed into 4:3 full screen.
 * Oddly, the original 1993 video releases of A League of Their Own and A Few Good Men have a shortened version of the sunburst logo. The first film fades in as the sunburst retracts, while the second film fades in when the sunburst flares in. Current prints of said films, however, have the standard 1989 logo.

Closing Variants:
 * From 1989-April 30, 1993, Columbia's print logo was featured scrolling at the end of the movies' closing credits. This features the Torch Lady with the "sunburst" from the 1981 variation of the opening logo. The phrase, appearing in the same font as the opening logo, reads "Times New Roman" underneath. An earlier version of this didn't include the print logo, but rather the text instead. A few movies such as Ghostbusters II, Welcome Home and Year of the Comet have the words in a different font (the latter two films didn't even feature the print logo, as did The Adventures of Baron Munchausen, When Harry Met Sally... and Misery). This would stop regular use on August 28, 1992 with the release of Honeymoon in Vegas, but this made a surprise appearance on The Pickle.
 * September 23, 1992-May 14, 1993: The same closing logo, but with "COLUMBIA PICTURES" in the Bank Gothic font with the SPE byline below. On A River Runs Through It and El Mariachi, as well as Castle Rock films, the words "RELEASED BY" appear on top. A variant of this appeared at the end of Josh and S.A.M., released on November 24, 1993. In this one, it has "A COLUMBIA PICTURES RELEASE" above the "RELEASED BY" variant, while the movie itself would use the 1993 logo at the beginning. The possible reason for this is that the film was delayed; a teaser for said film, which was found on the 1993 VHS releases of Single White Female and Mr. Saturday Night, had it originally intended for a spring 1993 release, but when it finally came to theaters, Columbia might have replaced the 1989 logo with their new logo, but didn't touch the credit logo. Another example of Sony's poor editing habits.
 * On Sibling Rivalry, the closing logo is based on the 1981-1989 print logo: it has the Torch Lady with a sunburst inside a dome with "Times New Roman" below. Below that is "A COLUMBIA PICTURES RELEASE". Eat a Bowl of Tea and The Big Picture have the "Torch Lady in a Dome" print logo with "Times New Roman" below it.
 * There are two versions of the Torch Lady print logo. One had a short lady and the big sunburst, which was the one seen inside the dome, but would occasionally appear without the dome. A later version was introduced in 1989, with a smaller sunburst and the Torch Lady appears taller and slimmer and more cleaned up in design. No dome was used for this version.
 * Sometimes, on TV airings, the closing logo may be kept with the Sony Pictures Television (formerly the Columbia TriStar Television Distribution logo) following afterwards or may be skipped ahead with the SPT/CTTD logo.

Technique: Much simpler cel animation, when compared to the last logo.

Music/Sounds: None or the opening theme of the movie.

Music/Sounds Variants:
 * On the DVD release of Big Trouble (1986), the 1984 Australian VHS of Christine, the 1985 Australian VHS of Educating Rita, a mid '80s Australian VHS of Tough Guys (1974; plastering the 3rd logo), a 1988 Goodtimes Home Video VHS of The Amsterdam Kill (plastering the previous logo), and the 1999 Australian VHS of The Karate Kid, it has the Sunburst music from the previous logo.
 * On post-2005 prints of Stripes (with the exception of the 2021 UHD release), as well as some foreign dub tracks of Tootsie, the fanfare from the next below is strangely heard. It is unknown whether these instances were attempts at plastering or placement choices when making the audio remixes/dubbing.
 * On a Portuguese print of Stone Cold, this has the 1995 MGM lion roar, due to a reverse plastering error.

Availability: Common. Seen on films of the era.
 * The 1981 variation is much easier to come by, due to it being used for a longer time period and being on more popular titles such as Stripes, Heavy Metal, Ghandi, The Big Chill, Christine, Ghostbusters, The Karate Kid, Fright Night, Stand by Me, Hope and Glory and many others.
 * Notable films that have the short 1989 version are Ghostbusters II (where it made its first appearance), The Adventures of Milo and Otis, Casualties of War, Awakenings, Flatliners, Mortal Thoughts, Boyz n the Hood, Mo' Money, A League of Their Own, Bram Stoker's Dracula and Groundhog Day.
 * The first film to use this logo was Cheech & Chong's Nice Dreams, while it was last seen on Lost in Yonkers.
 * New Line Home Video (and later, MGM Home Entertainment) releases of Castle Rock films such as Misery, City Slickers, and Mr. Saturday Night edit this logo out, though it is retained on the New Line VHS of Amos and Andrew.
 * The MGM DVD release of Amos and Andrew has it plastered with the 1987 New Line Cinema logo, while the YouTube print on the Warner VOD channel had the New Line logo before Columbia's, but was taken off and is now on MGM's channel, with it only featuring the MGM and Castle Rock logos. But the combo (minus New Line) was seen on the Vudu print of the aforementioned film, as well as an airing of the movie on Laff TV.
 * The Columbia-Castle Rock combo is also preserved on a 1998 MGM Movie Time VHS release of Amos and Andrew, the German and Australian DVD releases of Misery, as well as a 2013 reprint of the latter, (where it's preceded by the 1986 MGM logo) a 1997 MGM Movie Time VHS of City Slickers and the widescreen Laserdisc release of the aforementioned film retains this logo as well. This was also preserved on cable TV airings of When Harry Met Sally... and also appeared on the widescreen Laserdisc release of said film. Can also be seen on the Amazon Instant Video print of Late for Dinner (after MGM), the Olive Films Blu-ray release of Sibling Rivalry (also after MGM), and Roku Channel's print of Honeymoon in Vegas. It is unknown if any prints of Lord of the Flies preserve this logo.
 * It also appears on the Vidmark and Starmaker VHS releases of The Shadow Riders (they used the overseas theatrical version, which is why this logo is seen at the start), along with the Trimark DVD (the 2006 Sony Pictures Home Entertainment DVD release uses the original TV version).
 * Oddly, in lieu of RCA/Columbia's logo appearing, this logo plasters that of Cinema 5 on the English-dubbed cassette of One Sings, the Other Doesn't.
 * The logo is seen on the 1986 VHS of Casino Royale (1967), plastering the 3rd logo, and it also plasters older Columbia logos on several other post-1981 videocassettes as well, including The Black Bird, Gidget (1959) and Funny Girl.
 * While removed from the MGM DVD and oddly, the British Columbia TriStar Home Video DVD, it was preserved on the U.S. RCA/Columbia VHS and Laserdisc of Double Impact. It is unknown if the recent MVD Rewind Blu-Ray of the film retains this logo.
 * This may be seen on international prints of Piranha II: The Spawning (AKA: Piranha II: Flying Killers).
 * It also appears on the Australian DVD of Stephen King's Graveyard Shift (released domestically by Paramount Pictures) and may have been seen on the UK and other international prints of the film.
 * This doesn't show up on Weintraub Entertainment Group films that they distributed theatrically, with the exception of The Gods Must Be Crazy II, where a still Weintraub logo is seen at the end.
 * Australian Home Media Releases of The Adventures of Milo and Otis (e.g. the 2005 Roadshow DVD release, and the 1992 Video Selection Australia VHS, on the latter, the OFLC rating screen plasters over it, as a result the opening theme can be heard playing over it) have this logo removed for unknown reasons.
 * It was also seen on newer prints and the Blu-ray of the English dubbed theatrical cut of Das Boot (aka The Boot) in place of the first Triumph Films logo and proceeding the Neue Constantin Film logo.
 * This strangely made an appearance at the end of ctv.ca's print of Cancel My Reservation (1972) before the Sony Pictures Television International logo.
 * It is unknown if it appeared on theatrical prints of Winter People, The Last Emperor, Texasville, or The Taking of Beverly Hills, among possible others.
 * It was found on some trailers for Last Action Hero, In The Line of Fire, Calendar Girl, and Josh and S.A.M. (with the movies themselves using the next logo). The logo makes a surprise appearance on the former itself as a variant, with the next logo being seen in front of the film.

Legacy: A notable variant of the 1930s logo with the Souvenir font.

6th Logo (June 13, 1993-)
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Logo:
 * 1993-2008, 2019: First, we see a ray of light, resembling a sunburst, with the cloud background fading in a brief second later. The light is coming from a torch, as we zoom out to reveal that a face-lifted Torch Lady, now with a more detailed and realistic look, is holding it. Once the camera is fully zoomed out, "COLUMBIA", seen in a bold, chiseled font, fades in atop the Torch Lady. A ring of light then shimmers around the lady.
 * 2006-2014: Starting with The Holiday, released on December 8, 2006, the logo was given enhancements to better resemble the 2001 Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment logo and Michael J. Deas' original artwork of the logo. The hand is in a different pose in which her finger is at the tip of the torch. The sky is also darker and the "COLUMBIA" text has more in it and is slightly off-center. Trailers and TV spots, however, continued to use the 1993 version of the logo until 2008. On The Holiday, it shows the logo already formed; the fully animated variant debuted on Ghost Rider, as between those two films, the 1993 version was still used until The Messengers; and additionally came back for a one-time revival in 2019 with Little Women (2019).
 * 2014-2022: Starting with The Amazing Spider-Man 2, released on May 2, 2014, the logo is preceded by the then-new Sony motion picture logo. This involves the addition of blurry parting clouds with a very bright light between them. The light gets brighter until the clouds are apart and then it fades to the traditional zoom out from the torch. This version's last original appearance was in Escape Room: Tournament of Champions, and the last release to use this logo was Hotel Transylvania: Transformania (albeit a variant).
 * 2021-2022: Starting with Venom: Let There Be Carnage, released on October 1, 2021, the Sony motion picture logo preceding now has a new animation of it, based on its brand identity used since May 19, 2021. After that, the Columbia logo is shown like above, albeit the parting clouds at the start are slightly modified with a sharper look to compliment the new Sony logo. This version's last appearance was on Devotion.
 * 2022-: Starting with theatrical prints of Bullet Train, released on August 5, 2022, the Sony logo plays as normal but the clouds that were normally in the transition to the Columbia Pictures logo are replaced by those in grey and a red sun is seen; the torchlight rays are redone as well. This version later made its digital and home media debut on Lyle, Lyle, Crocodile.

Trivia:
 * The logo's most recent overhaul was undertaken during this era when Sony Corporation of Japan (which bought Columbia on November 8, 1989) commissioned illustrator Michael J. Deas to redesign the lady and return her to her "classic" look. The result, based on Deas' sessions with Mandeville, Louisiana homemaker Jenny Joseph, who posed for him with a makeshift robe and torch, was a taller, slimmer Columbia Torch Lady with lighter, curlier hair and a dimmer torch. Rather than use Joseph's face however, Deas constructed a composite face made up of a couple of computer-generated features. Deas' artwork, created in 1992, was featured in the Columbia Pictures Television and Columbia TriStar Home Video identities prior to this logo's appearance. The logo was animated at Kleiser/Walczak Construsction Company, now known as Synthespian Studios. Jeff Kleiser (the brother of Grease and Flight of the Navigator director Randal Kleiser), and Diana Walczak were lead animators, while Ed Kramer and Joel Hynek assisted in production. The staff used 2D elements from Deas' painting, edited them using Adobe Photoshop running on an Apple Macintosh Quadra 950 workstation and converted them to 3D. The clouds were divided up to 66 image maps and Walczak mapped every cloud onto a 3D object and twist-distorted and translated on Alias/Wavefront Advanced Visualizer graphics software running on a Silicon Graphics Crimson Elan workstation. The woman was also converted to 3D by sculpting a real model and scanning it using a Polhemus 3-space digitizing pen.
 * The identity of the Torch Lady's model wasn't divulged until 2004; prior rumors persisted that Annette Bening was the model.
 * A face hidden within the clouds can be seen to the left of the Torch Lady as the camera is zooming out of the torch. It is very hard to distinguish in the original 1993 variant, whereas the 2006 version makes it a lot more noticeable.
 * The animation provided for the modified versions of the logo was done by Sony Pictures Imageworks.

Bylines:
 * Starting with the release of The Juror, released on February 2, 1996, "a SONY PICTURES ENTERTAINMENT company" appears on the bottom, being slightly off-center. When it debuted, the byline is chyroned in cheaply and is a lot bigger and wider than the proportion of the "COLUMBIA" name and the pedestal. Starting with The Craft, released on May 3, 1996, it is way smaller, narrow, and fades in. However, some post-1996 films such as I Know What You Did Last Summer, Wild Things, Dance with Me, and John Carpenter's Vampires may have this logo without the byline, while trailers and TV spots continued to use the bylineless version of the logo until 1999 for unknown reasons. The last film to use this byline was Captain Phillips, released on October 11, 2013.
 * In late 2013, the byline was shortened to "a Sony Company", with the - color of the previous byline changed to a bronze and is properly centered. This byline debuted on American Hustle (US prints only and only appears at the end, the film itself uses the 1976 logo), US prints of The Monuments Men, and the official trailers for The Amazing Spider-Man 2 and 22 Jump Street.

Variants:
 * In 1999, the company celebrated its 75th anniversary. The beginning of the logo starts off with the 1936 logo of Columbia Pictures in black & white, leaving the 1993 cloud background intact. The Torch Lady then slowly morphs into the current Torch Lady as the effects from black & white later turn to color. As the camera zooms back, we see a red arched banner dropping from above saying "SEVENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY LIGHTING UP SCREENS AROUND THE WORLD" and the Torch Lady standing on the pedestal, where we see a red box with the gold, giant chiseled name "COLUMBIA" inside on top, and the small word "PICTURES" below in spaced-out letters. We also see the gold giant number "75" unfolding in between the Torch Lady.
 * On the 75th anniversary home video collection promo, the copyright stamp of Columbia TriStar Home Video appears on the bottom and it disappears when the logo is nearly finished.
 * There is one version where the left and right sides of the cloud background are stretched out more and the Torch Lady and the "COLUMBIA" text, along with the byline, are zoomed out a little.
 * On a Warner Home Video VHS of The Shawshank Redemption, the logo starts a second in.
 * On films produced in 2.39:1 from 2007-2014, the pedestal is thinner, and the byline is smaller.
 * Starting with The Shallows in 2016, the Sony byline stays on-screen for a split second longer before fading out.
 * On 4:3 prints of The Remains of the Day, the logo zooms out to a much farther distance, looking like an open-matte version, but it's positioned in a way in order to not show the cloud background below the pedestal.
 * At the end of Black Hawk Down, the logo zooms out to a much further distance than usual, revealing the bottom of the cloud background below the pedestal. This is because the film was shot in Super 35 1.66:1 negative ratio, and framed for 2.39:1 scope. This variant is seen on 4:3 prints of the film, which exposes more vertical information that was not meant to be seen. This variant can also be found on a trailer for Erin Brockovich (2000).
 * On a few Columbia Pictures licensed video games, such as Ghostbusters: Sanctum of Slime and The Smurfs, the print version, seen on most DVD covers of Columbia films, appears on a white background, with the text in black (as with Columbia Pictures Television) and the byline below the stacked words.

Closing Variants:
 * The superimposed closing variant features the Torch Lady (and the cloud background) placed inside a rectangular box. The torch and the cloud background overlap the top of the box. To the left of the logo are the words "COLUMBIA PICTURES" (in the same Bank Gothic font as the previous logo), with "COLUMBIA" over "PICTURES". The phrase below the text reads "A COLUMBIA PICTURES RELEASE" or "RELEASED BY" (both in the small-caps format) above the logo with the SPE byline underneath the logo. On some movies such as Stuart Little, the animated short Early Bloomer, Hollywood Homicide, and 13 Going on 30, the SPE byline is smaller, more spaced out, and is in a different font. Depending on the credits, the logo and the text may vary in color. Starting with American Hustle, the byline was shortened to "a Sony Company", though the older SPE byline made a surprise appearance on Pixels, released on July 24, 2015.
 * One early closing variant featured the boxed Torch Lady logo at center, with "COLUMBIA PICTURES" and the SPE byline below one another. Sometimes, the text and byline are smaller and the logo is bigger to fit the width of the text. There is a version where the logo is inverted and no SPE byline appeared on Warriors of Heaven and Earth in 2003 and Kung Fu Hustle in 2004 and also seen on some films like Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway and The Mitchells vs. the Machines with Sony byline. Beginning with Life in 2017, a revised version of this variant is used. Here, the text and byline are larger.
 * On international prints of Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines, a still version of the opening logo is used.

Technique: CGI by Synthespian Studios for the original version and Sony Pictures Imageworks for the later versions.

Music/Sounds: A majestic tune which ends with a brass sounder, composed by Jonathan Elias. There are four versions of the fanfare (two mains and two alternates), all with the same ending, with only the 1998 main version still being used today:
 * The 1993 main version has the piano tune emphasized more, and sounds more "stripped down" compared to later iterations. This variant debuted on In The Line of Fire (the second film to use the 1993 logo). It was used mostly on films from 1993-1998, however it made a surprise appearance in some 2000-01 films. It is the one usually associated with the "original Columbia 1993 logo".
 * The 1993 alternate version is reorchestrated, and has additional sections/instruments (such as brass, chimes, synthesizers, and flute sections), and sounds way more powerful than the other fanfares listed here. These sections would become the basis for later renditions of the fanfare. If you hear closely, the percussion (piano and drums) is not as pronounced as the other versions. It only appeared on five films from 1993-1997, however: Last Action Hero (the first film to use this logo), Geronimo: An American Legend (although some prints may have the common piano version), Little Women (1994), Josh and S.A.M., and Buddy. Why this fanfare was seldom used remains unknown to this day.
 * The 1998 main version sounds like a hybrid version whose power is between the first and second versions. Noticeably, you can hear new brass sections. It was first used on John Carpenter's Vampires, released on October 30, 1998, and has been the staple fanfare used by Columbia ever since.
 * The 1998 alternate version has the piano tune emphasized more, but seems to have the additional brass and chime sections based from other renditions. It also sounds noticeably powerful. This version first debuted on Stepmom, released on December 25, 1998. It was used in tandem with the 1998 common version. The final film to use this rendition was Hotel Transylvania (2012).
 * Starting with Sex Tape, released on July 18, 2014, an extra build-up is added at the beginning of the 1998 main fanfare, to match up with the parting clouds.
 * Sometimes it is silent, has the opening theme of the film, or music from any given soundtrack.

Music/Sounds Variants:
 * On the Open Season short "Boog & Elliot's Midnight Bun Run" and The ChubbChubbs Save Xmas, the first half of the Sony Pictures Animation logo music can be heard during the logo, before the Columbia logo cuts into the mentioned logo as the music finishes.
 * The 1998 alternate fanfare is PAL pitched on some films.
 * There is also a double-pitched (very high tone) version of the 1998 theme.
 * On Palmetto, yet another arrangement of the theme is heard without cymbal hits, ending smoothly with synthesized flutes. This variant was only seen on original Columbia TriStar releases, as current releases remove this logo (prior to Time Warner owning the Castle Rock library, as Palmetto is a Castle Rock film, however a recent TCM France airing retained the Columbia logo, which was also in widescreen).
 * On the 2000 Region 2/4 PAL DVD release of Erin Brockovich (and its 2012 reprint), for some strange reason, the 1998 theme is NTSC-pitched (as with the 1997 Universal logo's theme). This is also the case on the film's UK VHS release.
 * Some newer prints of 1993-1998 films may have their original 1993-98 fanfares (whether main or alternate) reverse plastered with a later 1998 one (whether main or alternate, as well). Examples of this are Blu-ray prints of Last Action Hero (digital prints keep the original fanfare), Netflix's print of In the Line of Fire (which also includes both films' 2021 UHD releases), and later releases of Desperado.

Availability: Current. It has been placed in front of most Columbia films for nearly 30 years.
 * The first film to use this logo was Last Action Hero (however, the teaser trailer, a scene from the film itself and the TV spot had the previous logo).
 * This logo was also seen at the beginning of Ghostbusters: The Video Game.
 * Some cable prints and New Line Home Video releases of Castle Rock films such as Needful Things, Malice, Josh and S.A.M., and North actually keep this logo (it doesn't appear on MGM releases of the former three films; however, the Kino Lorber Blu-rays of Needful Things and Malice have it, the latter after MGM).
 * On current prints of City Slickers 2: The Legend of Curly's Gold, this is replaced by the 2001 Warner Bros. Pictures logo (the 1989 Castle Rock logo is intact), while the Shout! Factory Blu-ray removes it. UK and Australian prints keep this intact due to Columbia keeping the rights to City Slickers 2: The Legend of Curly's Gold for those countries.
 * Current prints of 1994-1998 Castle Rock films distributed by Columbia have the logo either plastered by a Warner Bros. logo or edited out altogether. Even the end in-credit notices aren't safe as they're either blacked out or replaced by a WB logo (it is, however, retained on the 1999 DVD release of City Hall and the Blu-ray and 2021 UHD release of The Shawshank Redemption). The 1998 Warner Home Video VHS release of The American President retains this, however.
 * Interestingly, the print logo made its first appearance in early 1993 on posters for The Pickle and Lost in Yonkers, as well as newspaper ads for Groundhog Day; however, those aforementioned titles use the previous logo.
 * This also appears on the 1997 Director's Cut version of Das Boot. Also, the 2006 version plasters the original 1993 logo on the Blu-ray of Muppets from Space.
 * It also may have been seen on US theatrical prints of The Wind in the Willows (1996), later re-titled Mr. Toad's Wild Ride, but it doesn't appear on any VHS or DVD releases of said film due to Disney owning the US home video rights. As a result, it was plastered by the 1985 Walt Disney Pictures logo.
 * This logo appears on international trailers for The Punisher and Suspect Zero; however, the two films use the 5th Columbia TriStar Film Distributors International logo instead.
 * It was also seen at the start of international prints of Rollerball (2002) and Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines and it was spotted in the Brazilian film Didi Quer Ser Criança, with the latter using a silent version.
 * The SPA films The Star, Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation, The Angry Birds Movie 2 and Wish Dragon lack this logo, despite appearing on said films' promotional materials, but the "Released by" closing logo appears at the end. This also doesn't appear at the end of Vivo nor Hotel Transylvania: Transformania as the Sony Pictures Entertainment closing logo appears instead.
 * A portion of this logo appears about halfway through The King.

Legacy: Considered a beautiful homage to the 1936 logo thanks to its CGI and fanfare. It has been in use for nearly 30 years, mirroring the longevity of the 3rd logo.